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dictionnaire:the_morphology_of_classical_latin2 [2015/10/24 13:12] ollivier |
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| - | The linguists try to classify the different allomorphs shown by a morpheme, and for that, they consider as the **basis form** the unmotivated form, which is then called unmarked form (or the primary form, according J. Kuryłowicz[[[1]]] ). So, the signified “great” corresponds in Latin to three morphs //magn-, mag-// and //maj-//; //maj-// appears only in context of the comparative morpheme -//ior-// (//maior // “great-er”)//, // and //mag- // before the superlative morpheme -//sim-// (//maximus// “very great” or “the greatest”). Therefore //magn-us // is the basis form of this morpheme, since it appears in other contexts than these particular contexts. It is likely that /maj/ is not a phonological variant, but a morphological variant from /mag/ before /i/, and therefore it would be doubly motivated. As for the allomorph /mag/, it is phonetically realized like [mak] in //maximus//, because the phonological neutralization of voiced phonemes before an unvoiced /s/ or /t/. That can be technically formulated by the three following morphological rules: | + | The linguists try to classify the different allomorphs shown by a morpheme, and for that, they consider as the **basis form** the unmotivated form, which is then called unmarked form (or the primary form, according J. Kuryłowicz((Kuryłowiz, Jerzy, 1949, "Le problème du classement des cas", in ://Biuletyn Polskiego Towarystwa Jezykoznawczego//, 9, 20-26-43.))). So, the signified “great” corresponds in Latin to three morphs //magn-, mag-// and //maj-//; //maj-// appears only in context of the comparative morpheme -//ior-// (//maior // “great-er”)//, // and //mag- // before the superlative morpheme -//sim-// (//maximus// “very great” or “the greatest”). Therefore //magn-us // is the basis form of this morpheme, since it appears in other contexts than these particular contexts. It is likely that /maj/ is not a phonological variant, but a morphological variant from /mag/ before /i/, and therefore it would be doubly motivated. As for the allomorph /mag/, it is phonetically realized like [mak] in //maximus//, because the phonological neutralization of voiced phonemes before an unvoiced /s/ or /t/. That can be technically formulated by the three following morphological rules: |
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| - | Kuryłowiz, Jerzy, 1949, "Le problème du classement des cas", in ://Biuletyn Polskiego Towarystwa Jezykoznawczego//, 9, 20-26-43. | + | |
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| + | [[:encyclopédie_linguistique:notions_linguistiques:morphologie:The morphology_of_classical Latin|Retour au plan]] ou | ||
| + | [[:dictionnaire: The morphology of classical latin3|Aller au § 3.]] | ||
